scratch

rayer, griffer

Faire une trace fine ou une coupure peu profonde sur quelque chose avec un objet pointu.

En anglais simple : You make a thin mark or shallow cut on something with a sharp object.

• Do not scratch the table.
• The cat scratched my hand.
• Her keys had scratched the paint on the door.

Synonymes : scrape

Expressions courantes : scratch the surface, scratch a car, scratch something

gratter

Frotter sa peau avec les ongles parce qu’elle démange.

En anglais simple : You rub your skin with your nails because it feels itchy.

• Please do not scratch that bite.
• He scratched his itchy arm.
• The dog was scratching behind its ear.

Synonymes : scrabble

Expressions courantes : scratch your head, scratch an itch, scratch your back

irriter, gratter

Provoquer une gêne ou des démangeaisons en frottant la peau, en parlant d’une matière rêche.

En anglais simple : Rough material rubs against your skin and makes it feel uncomfortable or itchy.

• This wool scratches my skin.
• The rough collar scratched his neck all day.
• Does that blanket scratch your legs?

Synonymes : irritate

Expressions courantes : scratch your skin, scratch your neck, scratch someone

se rayer

Se couvrir facilement de fines traces au contact d’un objet pointu.

En anglais simple : A surface gets thin marks easily when something sharp rubs against it.

• This plastic scratches easily.
• The polished surface scratched during transport.
• Will this coating scratch if I clean it?

Synonymes : get scratched

Expressions courantes : scratch easily, scratch over time

rayure, égratignure

Trace fine ou coupure peu profonde laissée par un objet pointu qui frotte une surface.

En anglais simple : A thin mark or shallow cut left when something sharp rubs against a surface.

• There is a scratch on the door.
• My glasses have several scratches.
• The cat left a long scratch on my arm.

Comment l'utiliser : a scratch on something (I noticed a scratch on the screen.)

Synonymes : mark, scrape

Expressions courantes : a deep scratch, scratch on something, a small scratch

à partir de zéro

Dans «from scratch», point de départ sans travail déjà fait ni éléments préparés à l’avance.

En anglais simple : The starting point before any work has been done or any prepared materials have been used.

• We made the soup from scratch.
• She built her business from scratch.
• After losing the file, I had to start from scratch.

Comment l'utiliser : from scratch (He learned to make bread from scratch.)

Expressions courantes : from scratch, start from scratch, make from scratch

égratignure

Toute petite blessure sans gravité.

En anglais simple : A very small injury that is not serious.

• Do not worry; it is just a scratch.
• She escaped the crash without a scratch.
• He survived the fall with barely a scratch.

Synonymes : minor injury

Expressions courantes : just a scratch, without a scratch, barely a scratch

grattage

Action de frotter sa peau avec les ongles pour calmer une démangeaison.

En anglais simple : An act of rubbing your skin with your nails to stop an itchy feeling.

• The dog had a good scratch.
• He gave his itchy arm a quick scratch.
• A scratch behind the ears soon calmed the cat.

Expressions courantes : a good scratch, a quick scratch, have a scratch