deflection

偏向、方向の変化

何かにぶつかったり横に押されたりして、進む向きが変わること。

やさしい英語で： A change in direction caused by hitting something or being pushed aside.

• The shot took a deflection.
• A deflection off a defender sent the ball wide.
• The mirror caused a deflection of the light beam.

使い方： a deflection off someone/something (The ball took a deflection off the goalkeeper.)

類義語： deviation

よく使う表現： take a deflection, slight deflection, deflection off something

話題そらし、責任逃れ

別のことに注意を向けさせて、質問や批判、問題を避けること。

やさしい英語で： Avoiding a question, criticism, or problem by turning attention to something else.

• His joke was a deflection.
• Changing the subject was another attempt at deflection.
• She recognized his attack as a deflection of blame.

類義語： evasion, avoidance

よく使う表現： deflection of criticism, tactic of deflection, mere deflection

振れ、偏位

計器の針などが、最初の位置から動くこと。

やさしい英語で： The movement of a needle or measuring part away from its starting position.

• The needle showed a small deflection.
• A stronger current produces greater deflection.
• Measure the deflection from the zero mark.

使い方： the deflection of something (We recorded the deflection of the meter's needle.)

類義語： displacement, deviation

よく使う表現： needle deflection, maximum deflection, deflection of something

たわみ

重さや力が加わって、構造物や物体が曲がること。

やさしい英語で： The bending of a structure or object when weight or force is applied to it.

• The beam showed visible deflection.
• Engineers measured the bridge's deflection under load.
• Thicker steel can reduce deflection.

類義語： bending, deformation

よく使う表現： beam deflection, maximum deflection, deflection under load