extension

増築部分、延長、エクステ

大きさや期間を増すために加えられる部分や追加の時間。

やさしい英語で： An extra part or period of time added to make something larger or last longer.

• We built an extension last year.
• The teacher gave me a week's extension.
• She removed her hair extensions before swimming.

使い方： an extension to something (They built an extension to their house.); an extension of something (She requested an extension of the deadline.)

類義語： addition

よく使う表現： house extension, hair extension, deadline extension, request an extension

拡張子

ファイル名の最後の点の後に付く、種類を示す文字。

やさしい英語で： Letters after the last dot in a computer document’s name that show its type.

• The file extension is pdf.
• Change the extension only if you know the file type.
• Some programs hide file extensions.

類義語： file extension, filename extension

よく使う表現： file extension, pdf extension

延長、伸展

何かを長くしたり、より遠くまで届くようにしたりすること。

やさしい英語で： The process or state of making something longer or allowing it to reach further.

• Full extension of the arm caused pain.
• The project involves the extension of the railway.
• Repeated extensions of the knee strengthened the muscle.

使い方： the extension of something (The extension of the railway took several years.)

類義語： lengthening, stretching

反対語： shortening, contraction

よく使う表現： full extension, extension of something, gradual extension

伸展

腕や脚、指をまっすぐに伸ばす動き。重りに逆らって行う場合もある。

やさしい英語で： The movement of an arm, leg, or finger into a straight position, sometimes against a weight.

• Full extension of the knee was painful.
• She does leg extensions at the gym.
• The therapist checked extension in both elbows.

類義語： straightening

反対語： flexion

よく使う表現： leg extension, knee extension, full extension

延長、広がり

あるものが占める空間の大きさ、または時間の長さ。

やさしい英語で： The amount of space, or sometimes time, that something takes up.

• Every physical object has extension in space.
• The philosopher discussed the extension of matter.
• The theory considers both spatial and temporal extension.

類義語： extent

よく使う表現： spatial extension, temporal extension, extension in space

牽引

折れた骨の両端を引き離し、骨片をまっすぐにそろえること。

やさしい英語で： Pulling the ends of a broken bone apart to bring the pieces into a straight line.

• The doctor used extension to align the broken bone.
• Extension kept the bone fragments in line.
• Weights provided gentle extension during treatment.

類義語： traction

よく使う表現： bone extension, extension treatment