hard

難しい、つらい

行うことや理解、対処が難しく、多くの努力が必要な。

やさしい英語で： Difficult to do, understand, or deal with, and needing a lot of effort.

• This question is hard.
• It was hard to find a parking space.
• She has been through some hard times.

使い方： hard to do something (This word is hard to pronounce.); hard for someone to do something (It was hard for him to say goodbye.); find it hard to do something (I find it hard to sleep here.)

類義語： difficult, tough

反対語： easy

よく使う表現： hard to do, hard question, hard work

硬い

押してもへこまず、曲げたり壊したりしにくい。

やさしい英語で： Firm and difficult to press, bend, or break.

• The floor is hard.
• This bread is too hard to eat.
• She slept on a hard mattress.

類義語： firm, solid

反対語： soft

よく使う表現： hard surface, hard floor, hard bread

強い、激しい

ぶつかったり触れたりしたときの力が急で強い。

やさしい英語で： Having sudden, strong force when something hits or touches something else.

• He gave the door a hard kick.
• The plane made a hard landing.
• A hard blow broke her wrist.

類義語： forceful, heavy, strong

反対語： gentle

よく使う表現： hard hit, hard blow, hard landing

確かな、確実な

確かめられる事実に基づき、疑う余地が少ない。

やさしい英語で： Based on clear facts that can be checked and are difficult to doubt.

• We need hard evidence before making an accusation.
• She backed her argument with hard facts.
• There is no hard data to support the claim.

類義語： solid, conclusive, reliable

よく使う表現： hard evidence, hard facts, hard data

冷酷な、厳しい

厳しく、思いやりや温かい気持ちを見せない。

やさしい英語で： Strict, unkind, or unwilling to show warm feelings.

• He was a hard man who rarely smiled.
• The teacher was hard on anyone who arrived late.
• Years of disappointment had made her hard.

使い方： be hard on someone (Do not be too hard on your little sister.)

類義語： harsh, severe, unfeeling

反対語： kind, gentle

よく使う表現： hard heart, hard on someone, hard words

度数の高い、強い

含まれるアルコールの割合が高い。

やさしい英語で： Containing a high amount of alcohol.

• He never drinks hard liquor.
• The shop sells wine and hard liquor.
• She avoided hard drinks at the party.

類義語： strong

よく使う表現： hard liquor, hard drink, hard alcohol

一生懸命に、強く

多くの努力をしたり、強い力を使ったりして。

やさしい英語で： Using a lot of effort or force.

• She works hard every day.
• He pushed hard, but the door stayed shut.
• We trained hard for the race.

類義語： strenuously, forcefully

よく使う表現： work hard, try hard, hit hard

苦労して、やっと

困難を乗り越え、多くの努力をして。

やさしい英語で： Through difficulty and great effort.

• His money was hard earned.
• Their freedom was hard won.
• The match was hard fought from the start.

類義語： with difficulty

反対語： easily

よく使う表現： hard earned, hard won, hard fought