jihad

ジハード、聖戦

イスラム教徒が、宗教的な目的のためだと考えて行う戦争。

やさしい英語で： A war fought by Muslims for what they believe are religious purposes.

• The leader called for armed jihad.
• The group claimed its military campaign was a jihad.
• Historians examined how rulers used calls for jihad during the war.

使い方： jihad against someone/something (The group declared jihad against the government.)

類義語： holy war

よく使う表現： declare jihad, wage jihad, armed jihad

内なるジハード、精神的闘争

イスラム教で、悪い習慣を克服し、よりよい人になるための個人的な努力。

やさしい英語で： In Islam, a personal effort to overcome bad habits and become a better person.

• He described self-discipline as a personal jihad.
• Her inner jihad involved overcoming anger and pride.
• The teacher explained jihad as a daily struggle to live well.

類義語： spiritual struggle

よく使う表現： inner jihad, personal jihad, spiritual jihad

ジハード

イスラム教で、よりよく生き、悪に抵抗するための個人的な努力。

やさしい英語で： In Islam, a personal effort to become better and resist evil.

• She sees daily kindness as part of her jihad.
• His jihad involves resisting selfish desires.
• They discussed jihad as a path to spiritual growth.

類義語： spiritual struggle

よく使う表現： inner jihad, spiritual jihad

十字軍運動

ある考えを広めたり、何かに反対したりするための非常に熱心な運動。

やさしい英語で： A very determined campaign to promote an idea or fight against something.

• He launched a jihad against office waste.
• Her political jihad attracted fierce criticism.
• They described the campaign as a jihad for reform.

使い方： jihad against something (The editor waged a jihad against sloppy writing.)

類義語： crusade

よく使う表現： jihad against something, political jihad