patch

部分、斑点

周囲とは違って見える、小さな範囲や斑点。

やさしい英語で： A small area that looks different from the area around it.

• There is a wet patch on the floor.
• Small patches of snow remained in the garden.
• We planted flowers in a sunny patch beside the house.

使い方： patch of something (A patch of blue sky appeared above us.)

類義語： area, spot

よく使う表現： patch of grass, damp patch, bare patch

当て布、ワッペン

穴を隠したり飾ったりするために服につける小さな布など。

やさしい英語で： A small piece of material attached to clothes to cover a hole or add decoration.

• She sewed a patch onto her jeans.
• His jacket has leather patches on the elbows.
• I chose a bright patch to cover the hole.

よく使う表現： elbow patch, sew a patch, decorative patch

パッチ、修正プログラム

コンピューターのプログラムの不具合を直す、小規模な更新。

やさしい英語で： A small software update that fixes a problem in a computer program.

• Please install the latest security patch.
• The company released a patch for the game.
• These patches fix several problems in the software.

類義語： software fix

よく使う表現： security patch, install a patch, software patch

時期、期間

物事が特定の調子で続く期間。悪い状態について使うことが多い。

やさしい英語で： A period of time when things happen in a particular way, often badly.

• They are going through a rough patch.
• The team hit a bad patch last winter.
• Their marriage survived that difficult patch.

使い方： go through a rough patch (Our business is going through a rough patch.)

類義語： period, spell

よく使う表現： rough patch, bad patch, difficult patch

眼帯

けがをした目や、保護が必要な目を覆う小さな布など。

やさしい英語で： A small cover worn over an injured eye or an eye that needs protection.

• He wears a patch over one eye.
• The doctor told her to keep the patch on.
• The pirate costume came with a black eye patch.

類義語： eyepatch

よく使う表現： eye patch, wear a patch, black patch

補修材、当て板

穴や傷んだ部分を直すために、その上に当てる小さな材料。

やさしい英語で： A small piece of material put over a hole or damaged part to repair it.

• A rubber patch covered the hole.
• We put a metal patch over the damaged pipe.
• The roof needs a new patch before it rains.

よく使う表現： rubber patch, apply a patch, repair patch

継ぎを当てる、穴をふさぐ

小さな布や材料を当てて、穴を補修する。

やさしい英語で： To repair a hole by attaching a small piece of material over it.

• Can you patch these jeans?
• She patched the hole in her jacket.
• We need to patch the tire before we leave.

使い方： patch something with something (He patched the tent with a piece of waterproof fabric.)

類義語： mend, repair

よく使う表現： patch a hole, patch a tire, patch a jacket

修理する、補修する

傷んだ物を直す。再び使える程度に直す場合が多い。

やさしい英語で： To repair something that is damaged, often enough to make it usable again.

• We patched the hole in the wall.
• He patched up the roof after the storm.
• Can they patch this old boat up?

使い方： patch something up (The mechanic patched the old car up.)

類義語： fix, repair, mend

反対語： damage

よく使う表現： patch something up, patch a wall, patch a hole