state

状態

ある時点での人や物の様子。

やさしい英語で： The condition of someone or something at a particular time.

• The house is in a poor state.
• Lack of sleep affected her mental state.
• We found the kitchen in a terrible state.

使い方： in a state of something (She was in a state of shock.); in a good/bad state (The road is in a bad state.)

類義語： condition

よく使う表現： state of something, poor state, mental state

国家、国

独自の政府を持つ国、または国の政府や公共サービス。

やさしい英語で： A country with its own government, or the government and public services of a country.

• They want an independent state.
• The state provides free education for children.
• Several states signed the peace agreement.

類義語： country, nation

よく使う表現： independent state, state power, state education

州

国の中にある、独自の政府を持つ大きな地域。

やさしい英語で： A large area within a country that has its own government.

• Texas is a large state.
• Each state has its own government.
• We drove through three states on our holiday.

よく使う表現： state capital, state government, out of state

威厳、盛儀

王室や重要な公的行事などに見られる、厳かさや華やかな儀式。

やさしい英語で： Great ceremony, dignity, or impressive display, especially connected with royalty or important public occasions.

• The king entered the hall in state.
• The late president lay in state for two days.
• The royal guests travelled in state through the city.

使い方： in state (The queen arrived in state.)

類義語： pomp, ceremony, splendor

よく使う表現： in state, lie in state

述べる、明言する

あることを事実として、はっきり言ったり書いたりする。

やさしい英語で： To say or write something clearly as a fact.

• The report states that sales increased.
• She stated her reasons for leaving.
• Did the witness state what happened next?

使い方： state that… (The report states that prices have risen.); state something (Please state the facts clearly.)

類義語： declare, say, assert

よく使う表現： state the facts, state clearly, state that something

述べる、記入する

情報を言葉や文章ではっきり伝える。

やさしい英語で： To give information clearly in speech or writing.

• Please state your name.
• He stated his address on the form.
• Have you stated which course you want?

使い方： state something (Please state your full address.); state what/where/how… (The form asks you to state where you live.)

類義語： give, specify, indicate

よく使う表現： state your name, state your address, state your preference