transformation

変化、変身

外見、形、性質が変わり、しばしば大きく違うものになること。

やさしい英語で： A change in appearance, shape, or nature, often making something very different.

• Her new haircut caused a surprising transformation.
• The garden underwent a complete transformation.
• We watched the transformation of a caterpillar into a butterfly.

使い方： transformation from A into B (The building’s transformation from a factory into flats took two years.)

類義語： change, conversion

よく使う表現： complete transformation, undergo a transformation, transformation into something, dramatic transformation

形質転換

細菌が他の細胞のDNAを取り込み、性質が変わること。

やさしい英語で： A change in a bacterial cell after it takes in DNA from another cell.

• Transformation gave the bacteria a new gene.
• The students measured transformation in bacterial cells.
• These bacteria gained resistance through transformation.

よく使う表現： bacterial transformation, genetic transformation, transformation of bacteria