plaque

記念板、銘板

人や出来事を記念して壁や記念碑に取り付ける、文字入りの板。

やさしい英語で： A flat plate with words on it, fixed to a wall or monument to remember someone or something.

• A plaque marks her birthplace.
• They unveiled a bronze plaque outside the library.
• The plaques list the names of local soldiers.

類義語： memorial plate, tablet

よく使う表現： memorial plaque, bronze plaque, unveil a plaque, plaque on something

歯垢、プラーク

歯の表面につく粘着性のある細菌の層。歯を傷めることがある。

やさしい英語で： A sticky layer of bacteria that forms on teeth and can damage them.

• Brushing removes plaque from your teeth.
• The dentist found plaque near my gums.
• Plaque builds up if you do not clean your teeth well.

類義語： dental biofilm

よく使う表現： dental plaque, remove plaque, plaque buildup, plaque on teeth

プラーク、沈着物

臓器の内部や表面にできる有害な物質の蓄積。病気に関係することが多い。

やさしい英語で： An unhealthy buildup of material in or on a body organ, often linked to disease.

• Plaque narrowed the artery.
• Researchers found amyloid plaques in the brain tissue.
• A piece of plaque broke away from the artery wall.

類義語： deposit

よく使う表現： amyloid plaque, arterial plaque, plaque buildup, plaque in arteries

局面、皮膚のプラーク

周囲の健康な組織と見た目や手触りが異なる、広い範囲の組織。

やさしい英語で： A broad patch of body tissue that looks or feels different from the healthy tissue around it.

• A red plaque appeared on his elbow.
• The doctor examined the scaly plaques on her knees.
• The cream reduced the thickness of each plaque.

よく使う表現： skin plaque, scaly plaque, raised plaque, psoriasis plaque

板状楽器

楽器を形で分類する際に、薄く平らな板の形をした楽器。

やさしい英語で： A flat, thin musical instrument, grouped by its shape in a system for classifying instruments.

• This flat instrument is classified as a plaque.
• The plaque vibrates when struck.
• The collection contains both blown plaques and struck plaques.

よく使う表現： blown plaque, struck plaque, musical plaque