synthesis

合成、統合

別々の部分や考えを組み合わせ、新しい全体を作ること。

やさしい英語で： The process of joining separate parts or ideas to make a new whole.

• The report is a synthesis of several studies.
• The course explores the synthesis of new chemical compounds.
• Her theory represents a synthesis of older ideas.

使い方： synthesis of something (The book offers a synthesis of recent research.)

類義語： combination, integration

反対語： analysis

よく使う表現： synthesis of something, chemical synthesis, a new synthesis

演繹

一般的な規則をもとに、個別の事例について結論を出すこと。

やさしい英語で： Using a general rule to reach a conclusion about a particular case.

• Synthesis moves from a general rule to a particular conclusion.
• The philosopher used synthesis to establish the result.
• Students compared synthesis with reasoning from individual cases.

類義語： deduction

反対語： induction

よく使う表現： logical synthesis, synthesis in logic

総合、綜合

対立する二つの考えをまとめ、その矛盾を解消する新しい考え。

やさしい英語で： A new idea that brings together two opposing ideas and resolves their disagreement.

• The synthesis brings the two opposing ideas together.
• His argument moves from thesis through antithesis to synthesis.
• They sought a synthesis that would resolve the contradiction.

使い方： synthesis of A and B (Their discussion produced a synthesis of the thesis and antithesis.)

よく使う表現： dialectical synthesis, synthesis of opposites, reach a synthesis

語句の配列

文章の言葉を、まとまりがよく響きも美しくなるように並べること。

やさしい英語で： The arrangement of words in a text so that they fit together and sound pleasant.

• The critic praised the synthesis of words in the speech.
• In rhetoric, synthesis can make a sentence pleasant to hear.
• The writer improved the synthesis by rearranging the final phrase.

よく使う表現： rhetorical synthesis, synthesis of words