excess

excès, surplus

Quantité qui dépasse ce qui est nécessaire, souhaité ou autorisé.

En anglais simple : An amount greater than what is needed, wanted, or allowed.

• Wipe away the excess.
• An excess of rain damaged the crops.
• Pour off any excess before serving the sauce.

Comment l'utiliser : an excess of something (An excess of sugar can spoil the flavour.); in excess (Even healthy foods can cause problems when eaten in excess.)

Synonymes : surplus, extra

Contraires : shortage, deficit

Expressions courantes : an excess of, remove the excess, in excess

excès, surplus

Quantité qui dépasse ce qui est nécessaire ou jugé acceptable.

En anglais simple : An amount greater than what is needed or considered acceptable.

• Wipe away the excess.
• An excess of rain damaged the crops.
• He eats everything in excess.

Comment l'utiliser : an excess of something (An excess of salt can spoil the soup.); in excess (Even healthy foods can cause problems when eaten in excess.)

Synonymes : surplus, overabundance

Contraires : shortage

Expressions courantes : an excess of, remove the excess, in excess

plus de, au-delà de

Dans « in excess of », indique une quantité supérieure au nombre ou au montant mentionné.

En anglais simple : In the expression 'in excess of', greater than a stated number or amount.

• The bill was in excess of fifty pounds.
• They drove at speeds in excess of the limit.
• The company employs in excess of a thousand people.

Comment l'utiliser : in excess of something (Repairs will cost in excess of five hundred euros.)

Expressions courantes : in excess of, well in excess

excès

Comportements où l’on boit, dépense ou recherche le plaisir sans mesure, et que les autres désapprouvent.

En anglais simple : Actions involving too much drinking, spending, or pleasure, which other people disapprove of.

• His excesses worried his family.
• She regretted the excesses of her youth.
• Years of excess had damaged his health.

Synonymes : overindulgence

Contraires : restraint

Expressions courantes : youthful excess, excess of youth

différence, excédent

Quantité dont un nombre ou une quantité dépasse un autre.

En anglais simple : The amount by which one number or quantity is greater than another.

• The excess was twenty dollars.
• Calculate the excess of revenue over costs.
• Their income exceeded their expenses, and they saved the excess.

Comment l'utiliser : the excess of A over B (The excess of income over spending was small.)

Synonymes : difference, remainder

Expressions courantes : excess over costs, excess of income

excédentaire, superflu

Qui dépasse la quantité nécessaire, autorisée ou habituelle.

En anglais simple : Greater than the amount that is needed, allowed, or usual.

• Drain off the excess water.
• We paid a fee for excess baggage.
• The machine releases excess heat through these openings.

Synonymes : extra, surplus

Expressions courantes : excess baggage, excess water, excess weight