deprivation

欠乏、困窮

食べ物、睡眠、お金、世話など、必要なものが足りない状態。

やさしい英語で： The state of not having something you need, such as food, sleep, money, or care.

• Sleep deprivation makes it hard to concentrate.
• Many children in the area experience severe deprivation.
• Years of emotional deprivation affected her relationships.

使い方： deprivation of something (Deprivation of sleep can affect your memory.)

類義語： privation, lack

よく使う表現： sleep deprivation, social deprivation, emotional deprivation, oxygen deprivation

剥奪

持っているものや本来持つべきものを、人から取り上げること。

やさしい英語で： The act of taking away something that someone has or should have.

• The law forbids arbitrary deprivation of liberty.
• They protested the deprivation of their voting rights.
• Forced deprivation of property left many families homeless.

使い方： deprivation of something (The court ruled that the deprivation of his property was unlawful.)

類義語： removal, dispossession

よく使う表現： deprivation of liberty, deprivation of rights, forced deprivation

聖職剥奪

聖職者を役職から外すこと、またはその役職の収入や権利を奪うこと。

やさしい英語で： The removal of a church official from a position or from its income and rights.

• The bishop ordered the priest’s deprivation.
• A sentence of deprivation removed him from office.
• The records describe his deprivation of the benefice.

使い方： deprivation of something (The priest faced deprivation of his benefice.)

類義語： deposition, removal

よく使う表現： deprivation of office, sentence of deprivation