jurisdiction

管轄権、裁判権

人や場所、事柄について判断を下す、法律上の権限。

やさしい英語で： The legal power to make decisions about a person, place, or subject.

• This court has jurisdiction over the case.
• The police acted outside their jurisdiction.
• Who has jurisdiction over this dispute?

使い方： jurisdiction over someone/something (The court has jurisdiction over these disputes.)

類義語： authority

よく使う表現： have jurisdiction, under someone’s jurisdiction, jurisdiction over something

管轄区域

政府や裁判所などの権限が及ぶ地域。

やさしい英語で： An area where a particular government, court, or other authority has power.

• The rules differ between jurisdictions.
• She moved to a jurisdiction with lower taxes.
• Several jurisdictions have banned the practice.

類義語： territory, district

よく使う表現： different jurisdiction, within a jurisdiction, across jurisdictions

統治権、主権

国や政府が国を治め、法律を作る権限。

やさしい英語で： The power of a country or its government to rule and make laws.

• The state claims jurisdiction over these islands.
• The treaty limits national jurisdiction at sea.
• These waters remain under the country’s jurisdiction.

使い方： jurisdiction over something (The government exercises jurisdiction over the territory.)

類義語： sovereign authority

よく使う表現： national jurisdiction, sovereign jurisdiction, state jurisdiction