surcharge

追加料金、割増料金

通常の料金や合意した金額に上乗せされるお金。

やさしい英語で： An extra amount added to the usual or agreed price.

• There is a surcharge for weekend delivery.
• The airline added a fuel surcharge.
• Did you pay a surcharge for using your card?

使い方： surcharge on something (There is a surcharge on overseas orders.); surcharge for something (They charge a surcharge for express delivery.)

類義語： extra charge, additional fee

よく使う表現： fuel surcharge, surcharge on something, pay a surcharge

自己負担額

公的な補助などではまかなわれず、自分で支払う料金の一部。

やさしい英語で： The part of a price you pay yourself because public or other financial support does not cover it.

• The subsidy leaves a small surcharge for consumers.
• Her benefit covered most costs, but a surcharge remained.
• Patients pay the surcharge that public funding does not cover.

類義語： copayment

よく使う表現： consumer surcharge, surcharge for something

加刷

切手に表示された金額を変えるために、あとから加える印刷。

やさしい英語で： Extra printing on a postage stamp that changes its stated value.

• The stamp has a red surcharge.
• Collectors examined the surcharge under a magnifying glass.
• A surcharge raised the stamp’s value during inflation.

類義語： overprint

よく使う表現： stamp surcharge, red surcharge

エナメルの上絵

暗い色のエナメル地の上に、明るいエナメルで描いた絵や模様。

やさしい英語で： A picture or design painted in lighter enamel over a darker enamel base.

• The artist added a pale enamel surcharge.
• A delicate surcharge covered the dark enamel base.
• Firing preserved the lighter colors of the surcharge.

よく使う表現： enamel surcharge, a delicate surcharge

追加料金を課す

通常の料金に加えて、さらにお金を支払わせる。

やさしい英語で： To make someone pay an extra amount on top of the usual price.

• The hotel surcharges guests for late checkout.
• We were surcharged for paying by card.
• Will they surcharge this order for express delivery?

使い方： surcharge someone for something (The airline surcharged us for extra baggage.)

類義語： charge extra

よく使う表現： surcharge someone, surcharge a payment

過重な負担をかける、積み過ぎる

安全に支えられる限度を超えた重さや圧力をかける。

やさしい英語で： To put more weight or pressure on something than it can safely carry.

• They surcharged the ship with heavy cargo.
• The mule was surcharged and could barely walk.
• Too much powder had surcharged the cannon.

類義語： overload, overburden

よく使う表現： surcharge a ship, surcharge an animal

放牧地に家畜を入れ過ぎる

土地で養える数や許可された数を超える家畜を入れる。

やさしい英語で： To put more farm animals on land than it can feed or than you are allowed to keep there.

• The farmer surcharged the common with cattle.
• Too many sheep had surcharged the pasture.
• Owners were fined if they surcharged the shared grazing land.

類義語： overstock

よく使う表現： surcharge a pasture, surcharge the common

記帳漏れの貸方を指摘する

帳簿に貸方として記すべき金額が抜けていると指摘する。

やさしい英語で： To show that an account leaves out an amount that should have been recorded as a credit.

• The auditor surcharged the account for an omitted credit.
• They sought to surcharge the accounts using payment records.
• She surcharged the account after finding the missing entry.

よく使う表現： surcharge an account, surcharge the accounts