have

しなければならない

toと動詞の前に置き、その行動をする必要があることを表す。

やさしい英語で： If you use this before to and a verb, the action is necessary.

• I have to go.
• She had to work yesterday.
• Do we have to wear these shoes?

使い方： have to + verb (We have to leave now.); do/does someone have to + verb? (Do I have to bring my own lunch?); do not have to + verb (You do not have to pay today.)

類義語： need to, must

よく使う表現： have to go, have to work, have to pay

持つ、所有する

自分のものとして持っていること。

やさしい英語で： To own something that belongs to you.

• I have a bike.
• Does your family have a car?
• They had a small house by the sea.

使い方： have + object (They have a small house.); do/does someone have + object? (Does she have a bicycle?)

類義語： own, possess

よく使う表現： have a car, have a house, have your own car

食べる、飲む、する

食べたり飲んだり、何かの活動をしたりすること。

やさしい英語で： To eat, drink, or take part in an activity.

• We have lunch at noon.
• Would you like to have a coffee?
• We had a long chat after dinner.

類義語： eat, drink, take part in

よく使う表現： have lunch, have a drink, have a chat

持つ

物を手に持っていること。

やさしい英語で： To hold something in your hands.

• I have a pen in my hand.
• She had the rope firmly in both hands.
• Do you have the spoon, or is it still on the table?

使い方： have something in your hand (She had a pencil in her hand.)

類義語： hold, grip

よく使う表現： have a spoon, have a pen, have something firmly

持つ、抱く

考えや疑い、気持ちなどを心の中に持っていること。

やさしい英語で： To hold an idea, thought, doubt, or feeling in your mind.

• I have an idea.
• Do you have any thoughts about this?
• She had doubts about his story.

使い方： have a feeling that + clause (I have a feeling that she knows.); have doubts about someone/something (We have doubts about the plan.)

よく使う表現： have an idea, have doubts, have a feeling

ある、患う、経験する

病気にかかっている、問題を抱えているなどの状態にあること。

やさしい英語で： To experience an illness, problem, or other condition.

• I have a cold.
• She had a headache yesterday.
• Do you have trouble sleeping?

使い方： have trouble/difficulty + verb-ing (I have trouble sleeping.); have a problem with something (She has a problem with her knee.)

類義語： experience, suffer from

よく使う表現： have a cold, have a headache, have trouble

詐欺、だまし

人にお金を失わせたり、うそを信じさせたりする手口や不正な誘い。

やさしい英語で： A trick or dishonest offer that makes someone lose money or believe something false.

• That deal is a have.
• The cheap holiday turned out to be a complete have.
• Was the offer a bargain or just a have?

類義語： scam, con, trick

よく使う表現： a complete have, a total have